This report, prepared by ALEF – Act for Human Rights (ALEF), examines violations of International Humanitarian Law (IHL) and International Human Rights Law (IHRL) committed during the armed conflict between the State of Israel and Hezbollah. The conflict, which erupted as a regional extension of hostilities following Hamas’ October 7th attacks and Israel’s retaliation in [...]
Between March and May 2025, Lebanon witnessed municipal elections amid a tense and unstable context. CPT participants reported rising public safety concerns due to increased theft, firearms misuse, and ineffective law enforcement, which contributed to psychological distress and violent disputes. Syrian refugees faced heightened stigmatization, legal residency challenges, and reduced aid access, reinforcing fears of [...]
During this period, two major events occurred: Israel signed a ceasefire with the Lebanese Government on 27 November 2024, ending 13 months of war, and the Assad regime fell on 8 December 2024. Despite the ceasefire, insecurity, political uncertainty, and economic strain persisted, fueling psychological distress and doubts about recovery. Community Perceptions Tracker (CPT) participants [...]
This policy brief is the second in the series and covers the period between 01 September 2024 and 28 February 2025. This edition provides a critical assessment of the government’s early trajectory in committing to reforms, scrutinizing whether its initial actions are capable of driving meaningful change. It also explores the evolving role of municipal [...]
To gain deeper understanding of the drivers and triggers of emerging social tensions during the ongoing war, and the rise of internal displacement, ALEF is analyzing incidents, news reports, UNDP’s Tensions Monitoring System, and other secondary sources, in addition to community perceptions gathered by the Working Group for People Affected by the Syrian Crisis (WG [...]
To gain deeper understanding of the drivers and triggers of emerging social tensions during the ongoing war, and the rise of internal displacement, ALEF is analyzing incidents, news reports, UNDP’s Tensions Monitoring System, and other secondary sources, in addition to community perceptions gathered by the Working Group for People Affected by the Syrian Crisis (WG [...]
To gain deeper understanding of the drivers and triggers of emerging social tensions during the ongoing war, and the rise of internal displacement, ALEF is analyzing incidents, news reports, UNDP’s Tensions Monitoring System, and other secondary sources, in addition to community perceptions gathered by the Working Group for People Affected by the Syrian Crisis (WG [...]
ALEF is producing a series of policy briefs to address the drivers of social tensions in Lebanon and the impact of the different reform processes in the country on social cohesion. It aims to highlight the urgent need for longer-term policy interventions to protect the different communities in Lebanon and marginalized groups. ALEF is analyzing [...]
Between September and November 2024, the escalation of war led to widespread displacement in Lebanon, intensifying tensions between internally displaced persons (IDPs) and host communities. This displacement strained access to basic needs, healthcare, and shelter, while economic hardship and the rising cost of living deepened psychological distress. Many IDPs reported feelings of humiliation, marginalization, and [...]
Lebanon continues to face escalating insecurity and deteriorating living conditions, with intensified Israeli strikes on the South and Beqaa resulting in 564 deaths, including 133 civilians, and widespread destruction. Alongside physical threats, communities report rising cyber-harassment and online gender-based violence. Syrian refugees remain particularly vulnerable due to discriminatory policies, fear of deportation, and challenges in [...]
